CET 2501-Cedar Branch library Essays - Construction,

CET 2501-Cedar Branch library Paul Stiles Greg Armour 4-27-17 Water consumption is one of the biggest issues with the world today. Cedar Rapids Public library has set a good example on what to do. The library has a very water efficient landscape they use no potable water to water plants. In order to gain the LEED platinum certification they have to implement reduction methods by any combination of these things: Plant species, density and microclimate factor.Irrigation efficiency.Use of captured rainwater.Use of recycled wastewater.Use of water treated and conveyed by a public agency specifically for nonpotable uses. The use of captured rainwater is a brilliant idea using the rain for a good thing instead of letting it just fall from the roof to the ground wasted. Using recycled wastewater is another idea with brilliant effects. If you want to have a fully operational system you need to be able to handle the water you can collect through efficient irrigation and using better water holding species. Another area to complete in order to gain LEED certification is in water reduction. For percentage of water reduction you get a certain amount of points for 30% you get two points for 35% you get three points 40% you get four points. Above are ways they can use fixtures to improve water saving methods. Another important aspect to gaining the LEED certification is energy saving or optimization of energy. To achieve increasing levels of energy performance beyond the prerequisite standard to reduce environmental and economic impacts associated with excessive energy use. Option one "Whole building energy simulation." "In order to get this done they have to Demonstrate a percentage improvement in the proposed building performance rating compared with the baseline building performance rating. Calculate the baseline building performance according to Appendix G of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007 (with errata but without addenda) using a computer simulation model for the whole building project. Projects outside the U.S. may use a USGBC approved equivalent standard" The purpose of this analysis was to: process energy is included in the office and general miscellaneous equipment, computers, elevators and escalators, kitchen ,cooking and refrigeration, laundry washing and drying, lighting exempt from this is the lighting power allowance. On site renewable energy is a very important thing to have. Making your own power is a very helpful thing when it comes to saving money. Oddly enough this building doesn't have any points for this. What it lacks in renewable energy it makes up for with green energy. The intent of this is to encourage the development and use of grid-source, renewable energy technologies on a net zero pollution basis. This is measured off of energy consumed This is building is definitely an innovation, but what about it's design? The design innovation category was very helpful in what to find to make it such an innovation.The intent of this is to provide design teams and projects the opportunity to achieve exceptional performance above the requirements set by the LEED Green Building Rating System and/or innovative performance in green building categories not specifically addressed by the LEED Green Building Rating System.There are three paths you can take to acquire this: Path one innovation in design, path two exemplary performance, and path three pilot credit. In path one there are four things to do to get it: The intent of the proposed innovation credit.The proposed requirement for compliance.The proposed submittals to demonstrate compliance.The design approach (strategies) used to meet the requirements. In path two you need to achieve exemplary performance in an existing LEED 2009 for New Construction, Schools and Core Shell pre requisite or credit that allows exemplary performance as specified in the LEED Reference Guide for Green Building Design Construction, 2009 Edition. An exemplary performance point may be earned for achieving double the credit requirements and/or achieving the next incremental percentage threshold of an existing credit in LEED. In path three you have to attempt a pilot credit available in the Pilot Credit Library. Register as a pilot credit participant and complete the required documentation. Projects may pursue up to 4 Pilot Credits total. In regional priority credits this building once again shows how good it actually is. In development density and community connectivity there are

The Use and Abuse of Antibiotics

The Use and Abuse of Antibiotics What is an antibiotic? What is this 'miracle drug' that everyone talks about? There is a lot about antibiotics that we should all be more aware of.The word 'antibiotic' actually means 'anti-life'. The most common definition that we use for an antibiotic is: any substance produced by a microorganism that harms or kills another microorganism.There are many different kinds of antibiotic substances, most of them are natural products that certain bacteria and fungi (molds) produce and send outside of their cells. About 90% of the antibiotics we use today, are originated from bacteria. However there are a couple of antibiotics that were created from scratch in laboratory. These totally synthetic antibiotics are designed to inhibit some process previously identified to be completely unique to bacteria, and necessary for the bacterium to remain alive.Bacterium in the wild suffers a constant competition for available nutrients. Therefore if they can develop a substance that can cripple or ann ihilate their competitors then they have an advantage.Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMP-1- Metallo-betalactamas...So, even though these microorganisms do not have the ability to decide what substance to produce, through several mutations and additional events, they are capacitated to compete and consequently to survive more readily within their environment.We use antibiotics for a different purpose, of course, to help us kill harmful bacteria that cause us infection and disease.Scottish physician Alexander Fleming rediscovered in 1928 what Ernest Duchesne, a French Student, had initially discovered in 1896; the first and most famous fungus, Penicillium, which conceived the first identified microbial antibiotic, penicillin.Commercial methods for penicillin for human use were only developed in 1941 at the time of World War II. Howard Floerey and Ernst Chain made a major effort to try to make penicillin available to all of the British, U.S., and other allies...

Critically discuss the specific protections afforded to medical Essay

Critically discuss the specific protections afforded to medical personnel, clergymen and journalists under international humanitarian law - Essay Example Giving special protection to specifically listed persons can be traced from the earlier versions of humanitarian laws. There has been extensive as well as futuristic development of treaty rules pertaining to this area of special protection till now. To this effect the Geneva conventions along with the Hague regulations have a status which is purely customary. The various laws framed for the protection of specific persons are the Lieber code of 1863 which included rule for protection of hospitals as well as cultural property. The Geneva Convention of 1864, had rules for the safety of medical personnel, transport and equipment. The 1899 and 1907 Hague regulations containing rules to exclude edifices related to religion, art, science, charity, and hospitals etc. The 1907 Hague convention also contained rules to spare historic monuments form bombardment. Moreover the two Hague conventions also contained directions not to target journalists at the time of war. The 1949 Geneva Convention had many provisions that exclude targeting of specifically listed persons as well as objects. The Geneva Convention I also contained specific provisions to protect hospitals, ships used as hospitals and medical people and equipments. The Geneva Convention IV includes detailed regulations concerning hospital zones, safety zones and civilians who are not yet occupied from the effects of the war. The Geneva convention I also includes regulations for the protection of national Red Cross societies and other voluntary aid organizations. However the four Geneva conventions do not include any special provisions regarding journalists. The third convention contains a statement that the war correspondent if captured should enjoy the status of a POW. No provisions are there which avoids a journalist from targeting. The Geneva Convention has included provisions regarding protection of women and her honour particularly from atrocities like rape

Semiconductor devices and circuits Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Semiconductor devices and circuits - Coursework Example Each atom after sharing electrons will attain a full outer shell. Conductors: Conductor materials have large number of free electrons and thus conduct easily. Examples of a good conductor are copper and aluminum and they have, at room temperature, many electrons for conduction. Insulators These are materials which do not conduct. For insulators, there is a very large gap between the two bands i.e. conduction and valence bands. Insulators can only conduct at extremely high temperatures or when they are subjected to very high voltage. Examples of insulators are, wood, glass, paper and mica. Semiconductors: These materials are between conductors and insulators. They are neither conductors nor insulators. They can easily conduct at room temperatures. Examples of these materials are silicon and germanium. Intrinsic semiconductors: These are pure semiconductors since the content of impurity is minimal. These materials are cautiously refined to achieve this form of purity. When intrinsic se miconductors are subjected to room temperature, valence electrons absorb heat energy breaking the covalent bond and move to conduction band. Electrons and holes conduction In intrinsic semiconductors, holes and free electrons are the major charge carriers. Holes and electrons which are generated at room temperatures move in a random motion and can’t conduct any current. ... This allows electric current to flow as a result of electrons movement in the conduction band. The motion of holes in semiconductors is opposite to that of electron. As a result of electrons escape from valence band to conduction band, holes are created in the valence band. When current is applied the electron break and moves to feel the holes present, at the same time this electron leaves another hole and this process continues. The movement of these holes in the valence band leads to current flow referred to as whole current. Extrinsic Semiconductors Small amounts of other materials are added to intrinsic semiconductor to alter the properties and this result to extrinsic semiconductor. This is process of adding an impurity to improve the conductivity of the semiconductor is referred to as doping. The materials used as impurities are called dopant. These semiconductors are the most widely used in practice since they have better conductivity compared to intrinsic semiconductors and a re used in manufacture of electronics components such as transistors and diodes. There are two types of extrinsic semiconductors and each depending on the type of impurity used. They are n-type and p-type. N- Type Atoms with five electrons in their outer most shell are referred to as pentavalent atoms. When these pentavalent atoms are used to dope intrinsic semiconductors, they donate a free electron to the semiconductor and they are called donor dopers. Examples of donor materials are phosphorous, arsenic and bismuth. The resulting semiconductor has a large quantity of free electrons and is called n-type semiconductor. Example of n-type semiconductor formation is when arsenic atom with five electrons on the outermost shell combines with silicon with four

The Potentials of the Next Generation Consumers of iPhone Essay

The Potentials of the Next Generation Consumers of iPhone - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that according to various kinds of literature, it has been widely accepted that a well-built marketing framework comprises certain essential strategic measures and approaches that further leverage marketers to make the long-term sustainability of their offerings within a particular business industry. In this similar context, a strong segmentation of market or target consumers can be asserted as one of the most effective approaches implemented by the organizations while marketing new brands within a particular business market. Moreover, an integrated marketing mix eventually facilitates implementation of strategies associated with product, place, price, and promotion and therefore, ensures the delivery of adequate opportunity to the organizations to build a strong market for their respective products and/or services. Marketing of a product and/or a service is duly considered to be the most effective practices of an organization in building i ts long-term sustainability in a particular industry or business market segment. To overcome the challenges presented by the current fiercely competitive scenario affecting contemporary organizations belonging to different business industries, an effective and well-built marketing plan plays a pivotal role not only to make the offered products successful but also to build a strong position of the products/services and gain competitive advantages through augmenting brand value on the whole. An effective marketing strategy may require the adoption of multiple tools and techniques that can enable marketers to gain significant insights and draw an exceptional brand image of the product in consumers’ mind. The aim of the discussion henceforth is to identify and assess the potentials of the next generation consumers of iPhone product line for Apple and propose marketing mix strategies that would assist the organization in gaining a competitive positioning over its close rivals. iPh one is commonly characterized as a particular product line of smartphones, which is designed, manufactured and marketed by one of the leading brands in the global Information Technology (IT) industry, Apple Inc. In the year 2007, the company launched the first generation of this product, which attracted a huge volume of tech-savvy customers from all around the globe.

3 Dimensional Modelling in Architectural Design

3 Dimensional Modelling in Architectural Design Computer software technology is an important part of computer technology, because computer is made up of computer software, computer software technology is one of the most concerned area in the computer technology, human today manipulated by the fast development of computer technology. Todays software development tends to be more professional and directionality, as a student whom is studying design, we are often in pursuit of better results and had to use special design software to achieve our goals. As a design student we must be all familiar with computer 3 dimensional modeling software programs Today I’m going to discuss the most common known and most frequent used 3 dimensional modeling software program using by not only design student but also many professional architecture designers and jewelry designers, products designers, urban, interior, exterior designers! Introduction to 3 dimensional modeling: The so called 3 dimensional, according to the theory, is where the human describes any point in three-dimensional space by means of three coordinates, and we labeled each coordinates, the x coordinate, y coordinate and the z coordinate, where the x coordinate represent left and right of a space, y coordinate represent up and down of a space and z coordinate represent front and back of a space. Thus it concluded the formation of the human stereoscopic vision; the 3 dimensional models are made up of 3 dimensional computer software programs, this to achieve further development of computer technology in variety of industries. We live in a three-dimensional world; meanwhile, we also live in an informatization era and informatization era which is characterized by computers and digital. Computers are widely used in all industries. Today’s two-dimensional imaged computer would no longer be satisfied, we wanted the computer to be able to express a more reality form and the 3 dimensional modeling software programs can turn this into reality. The so-called three-dimensional modeling is to use 3 dimensional data to build up existing objects in reality or our imagined objects and reconstructed this objects in computer. It includes the basic information such as the 3D coordinates define the locations of object points, the color of the object surface, Transparency, and texture etc†¦3 dimensional modeling programs is widely used in various areas, and it provides an Intuition, so 3 dimensional images play an increasingly important role in various fields. There are many benefits and good reasons of why using 3 dimensional modeling software programs, Firstly, knowing how to use 3 dimensional computer software programs can develop our intelligence to enhance our imagination. During our study life time, Because of our learning system and the environment, we have become less able to produce unique imaginations and less able to elaborate on ideas. Mainly because of the stress we are dealing with each day, we have become uncreative; most of the time we thought copying would be a much simpler way to produce work. However knowing how to use a 3 dimensional modeling software program will fill this vacancy. Secondly, those who know how to use 3 dimensional modeling programs can make abstract graphic image become more intuitive and easy to understand. Introduction to Rhino 3 dimensional modeling techniques: Rhino is a powerful three-dimensional software program; it is the first powerful AGLib NURBS modeling technology complete the introduction of the Windows operating system software. Rhino is easy to use, highly flexible and highly accurate modeling tools. Rhino provides almost all tools to be used in the creation of three-dimensional models; it can create any imaginable shape, it can also create any project cannot be completed in reality therefore Rhino is a very powerful 3 dimensional modeling making software program 3 dimensional modeling making is the basic consensus in design making process, without model building, the design idea would be difficult to present. It plays an important part in the design process, because a realistic 3d model is able to reflect the turn quality and the material of the model, it truly made our design ideas becomes real. Rhino 3 dimensional Modeling discussion: Modeling making is the basic modeling technique; Todays 3D modeling software programs has its own unique modeling system, modeling method can have many different types, but the main 3 types are the NURBS modeling, Polygon modeling and Patch Modeling. The rhino software program provides NURBS modeling making, subdivision modeling, Carving Modeling and polygon modeling. Polygon modeling is the oldest method, and is also the most common method; polygon modeling is the splice of triangles and quadrilaterals, the 3 dimensional model we see on screen is connected by the â€Å"face† of polygons,and every â€Å"face† are different sizes and orientations, by arrenging these â€Å"faces† it complete a very complex 3 dimensional model. NURBS modeling, Is the most popular modeling method, it offers great flexibility and precision for handling model shapes, is a much more simply and efficient method, it seems everyone can create their 3 dimensional model using the NURBS technology. Subdivision modeling is also sometimes called the sub modeling, is a way of as it named, it applies subdivision surfaces to create new geometry that has the result of smoothing out geometries, like cubes, pyramids, it produces smooth out render shapes. Usage of rhino 3D modeling in my project analysis: To be able to present my imagined design idea to my audience and translate my imagined design idea to reality, at this stage I began to use 3 dimensional software program rhino to build my imagined 3 dimensional model. To build up a 3 dimensional model using rhino, it sometimes take longer times, therefore it would be better for us to choose a final development model to build instead. This way we can concentrate on every details of the model. When using a 3 dimensional modeling program creating a model, we need to think carefully about its structure, we must have a full understanding of this model, if we are not certain about the model structure then the model that we are going to build would not have a realistic appearance, the details would be missing. Therefore I prefer the quality, not the quantity. The usage of this 3 dimensional software program rhino has clearly improved the quality of my design, rhino provides models with texture, the textures of the model is actually just an image we see on screen, but after rendering, it can make the model appeared more detailed and more realistic. Compared with wireframe models, it is a higher level technology. Design process: Collect relevant information, research relevant artworks Design concept: sketch out all usable and suitable ideas Deleting unusable and unsuitable ideas Set up a final development model 3 dimensional modeling making using 3 dimensional software program rhino Knowing how to use this 3 dimensional programs rhino, I have learned many valuable know ledges, firstly, to have a well presented three-dimensional model is a very important process when creating a design work, without a good 3 dimensional model, it is impossible to complete a good design work. And with the help of this 3 dimensional program rhino, it made design work become smooth, easy and efficient. Design concept: My design is called the rain angle, the rain angle was inspired by the weather of Auckland, where the i did a record of the weather of Auckland, i noticed the weather of Auckland was interesting due to the quickly speed change of temperature. The temperature is colder in the morning, the temperature is hotter during lunch time, the temperature rises at lunch time and temperature drop in the late afternoon. i also noticed Auckland is always high in level of humidity, before it rains, humidity usually increases, When it is raining, relative humidity draws near 85%-100%,Auckland average humidity is between 75%-98%, therefore it sums up a conclusion that Auckland rains very frequently, i did a record of Auckland weather by collecting data on the website â€Å"the accuweather.com† the red dot represents a day it rained, and base on these red dots, I did a graph that shows the rain data of Auckland! Yet Auckland has unstable temperature, and rains frequently, but it does not effect on wild life’s living, people always say New Zealand is the last paradise for the birds, as New Zealand has more species of flightless birds – both living and extinct – than any other country. i recorded a weather data graph and translated the weather data graph of Auckland into a 3 dimensional model (the rain angle) the flow and the geometry allows the model to collect rain water, rain water will be reused by birds, birds’ uses as a water tank and a bird’s bath! This model is specially designed for birds.

Leukemia and Its Treatment Essay -- Cancel Health Medical

Leukemia is something that we hear about a lot. I believe that people do not understand exactly what leukemia is and how dangerous it can be, I chose this topic to try to help them understand. In this paper I will explain what leukemia is and what treatments you can choose from to treat the cancer. Leukemia is a type of cancer. Cancer is a group of more than 100 diseases that have two or more important things in common. One is that certain cells in the body become abnormal. Another is that the body keeps producing large numbers of these abnormal cells. Leukemia is cancer of the blood ce3lls. When leukemia develops the body produces large numbers of abnormal blood cells. In most types of leukemia, the abnormal blood cells and they do not function properly.(Cancer compass 10)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are two major groups of leukemia they are grouped based on how fast they spread. Acute leukemia is a cancer that starts in the organs that makes blood, namely the bone marrow and the lymph system. Acute leukemia spreads very quickly. Chronic leukemia is when many white blood cells are made in the bone marrow. Depending on the type of white blood cell that is involved chronic leukemia can be classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia or chronic myeloid leukemia. Chronic leukemia spreads slowly.( Longe,186)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different types of treatment for leukemia the one that you receive depends on what stage the cancer is in and what kind of leukemia you have. Chemotherapy is one form of...